Transformation of competent cells

Scientific Background Transformation is the process of introducing foreign DNA (e.g plasmids, BAC) into a bacterium. Bacterial cells into which foreign DNA can be transformed are called competent. Some bacteria are naturally competent (e.g B. subtilis), whereas others such as E. coli are not naturally competent. Non-competent cells can be made competent and then transformed [...]

Sizes in Biology

Dear colleagues, An excellent tool is available to get a feeling about molecular sizes in Biology. The tool is available here and was developped by “Learn Genetics” program from the University of Utah. You can have a short movie on it below, but please check the original one from here!!!

Designing a gene or “Gene design”

On this tutorial you can see an easy way to design oligos for gene synthesis, or in other words Gene design. The description is based on the Instructional Videos from the iGEM website! Gene design in less than 10 minutes! Good luck!!! Some usefull tools: 1. Gene design web page 2. Tools at DNA20 3. [...]

QPCR oligo design

Designing QPCR oligos might seem complicated but there are some rules and softwares that can make it easy. In our lab, majority of data points we generate are probably measured by QPCR, so I think  it is worth to review an algorithm for desiging QPCR assays. So, today I will describe the way I design QPCR oligos. You can have [...]

PCR or the Polymerase Chain Reaction

When I first heard about the Polymerase Chain Reaction my first association was with the atomic bomb chain reaction. You know probably from your studies: the labile Uranium if receives a neutron it transformed to a stable Uranium isotope while several new neutrons are released. If these newly release neutrons meet novel labile Uranium atoms [...]

Restriction Enzyme Resources

Dear Colleagues, Sometimes it is good to have links that cover a topic. This is why I have collected here a bunch of links that might be useful for you in your work. You can have a good description of the methods used in restriction enzyme analysis here: Methodbook.net If you would like to use restriction [...]

Hunting Viruses

If it comes to speak about the future possibilities of molecular biology, it is worth keeping an eye on the medical applications. And if you think about the most peculiar infection agents you should for sure think of viruses also. What is a virus? Of course we all know what a virus might cause to us, [...]

Restriction Enzymes

Restriction enzymes are used to cut plasmids. We have tackled the plasmids in the previous lecture. You can have a full description about the restriction enzymes here. As a most basic introduction I would say that restriction enzymes are enzymes of the bacteria representing a kind of immune function of the bacteria. They are present [...]

Green Fluorescent Protein or GFP

Green lights in the dark When someone first shows up in our lab, the prime goal I set up for him or her is to make “green cells” - I mean to introduce a Green Fluorescent Protein into a mammalian cell culture. In order to be able to perform this one has to know some basic molecular [...]

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